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Upending U.S. foreign policy, slapping tariffs north of the border and splattering America's allies with disdain, the new administration quickly had those relying on Washington asking whether they can trust the U.S. to provide vital, and sensitive, capabilities.Little is more sensitive than the Five Eyes, its gaze long fixed on Moscow and Beijing. It is, in short, the \\\"most important intelligence sharing agreement in history,\\\" said Calder Walton, a historian specializing in national security and intelligence at Harvard University's Kennedy School of Government.But there are now pressing concerns over whether Trump will pull the U.S. from the alliance as part of his broader brush-off of America's allies—and whether the remaining nations of the Five Eyes could survive it. One potential scenario could see the White House stymie what it shares with allies.In another possible path, the U.K., Canada, Australia and New Zealand could deem the U.S. an untrustworthy confidant and attempt to limit the intelligence it shares with Washington. American allies have watched with deepening unease the apparent rapprochement unfolding between the White House and the Kremlin.Some are now actively discussing reeling in the intelligence they share with the U.S. because of the administration's Russia stance, NBC reported on Thursday, citing four anonymous sources with knowledge of the debates.\\\"As long as Trump is president, the Five Eyes doesn't have value,\\\" a U.S. military official told Newsweek.What Is The Five Eyes?The Five Eyes brings intelligence agencies together, forming a 24-hour rolling operation. It covers various types of information, including signals intelligence led by cooperation between the U.S.'s National Security Agency (NSA), Britain's GCHQ, the Australian Signals Directorate, Communications Security Establishment Canada (CSE) and the Government Communications Security Bureau, headquartered in Wellington.Newsweek has reached out to the NSA, GCHQ, the Australian Signals Directorate and the New Zealand Security Intelligence Service for comment.The Five Eyes can also pass on distilled or redacted intelligence to its other allies, and there had been chatter about broadening out the alliance to include other countries that have specialized knowledge and understanding on China, like South Korea or Japan, although former intelligence officials are skeptical about the appetite and practicality of this move.The alliance is \\\"absolutely extraordinary in the history of intelligence and national security,\\\" credited with helping steer the world away from nuclear conflict throughout the Cold War, Walton told Newsweek. \\\"We're really on a knife-edge here.\\\"The NSA and GCHQ are so intertwined, he said, that they can act as backups for one another.\\\"The U.S., the U.K., Canada, Australia and New Zealand are literally hardwired into each other,\\\" he said. \\\"They are part of the same system.\\\"Could America's Gaze Look Elsewhere?The Five Eyes, while a product of the early Cold War, \\\"still brings incredible value,\\\" said Christopher Johnstone, a partner at The Asia Group strategic advisory firm and who served as director for East Asia in the National Security Council under President Joe Biden.\\\"If it were to break down, it would have real consequences for all five parties,\\\" he told Newsweek, but stressed he didn't believe it to be \\\"an immediate risk.\\\"\\\"But I do think there's a risk of an erosion of the cooperation that, over time, could be quite harmful,\\\" he added.In a hint of Five Eyes fractures, the Financial Times reported late last month that one of Trump's top officials, Peter Navarro, had lobbied for the U.S. to remove Canada from the Five Eyes.Navarro swiftly denied the report, telling the media the U.S. would \\\"would never, ever jeopardize our national security, ever, with allies like Canada.\\\"But it heightened worries over how the new administration would handle the U.S.'s role in the Five Eyes and how belligerent its attitude would become toward its allies in the intelligence realm. The U.S. could, theoretically, force Canada from the alliance, \\\"effectively sabotaging the alliance from within,\\\" Walton said. The U.S. military official described this scenario as unlikely but added, \\\"stranger things have happened.\\\"For now, Walton said, we are \\\"truly unchartered territory.\\\"\\\"There is some cause to be worried\\\" about the future of the Five Eyes, a former U.S. intelligence official told Newsweek. Much of the intelligence sharing—particularly with signals intelligence and imagery—is done automatically, but there is a risk that Five Eyes countries \\\"may become more restrained in sharing the most sensitive intelligence,\\\" including human intelligence, if they lose confidence in how the U.S. would handle it, the official said.Trump has repeatedly railed against America's spy and intelligence agencies. Tulsi Gabbard, the freshly installed director of national intelligence, publicly parroted Kremlin talking points before committing to \\\"refocus\\\" the intelligence community after being sworn into the role. It is not clear how she intends to do this.During Trump's first term in office, he reportedly shared \\\"highly classified information\\\" with Russia's foreign minister and ambassador during a White House meeting. Trump \\\"revealed more information to the Russian ambassador than we have shared with our own allies,\\\" an anonymous U.S. official described as familiar with the matter told the Washington Post in 2017.H.R. McMaster, Trump's then-national security adviser who was ousted by Trump in 2018, described the report as \\\"false\\\" at the time. McMaster said in recent days that Trump was being \\\"played\\\" by Russian President Vladimir Putin.As it stands, Putin \\\"could not dream of doing better than having the Five Eyes alliance undermined and sabotaged from within,\\\" Walton said. \\\"Whether Trump knows it or not, he's doing Putin's bidding for him.\\\"Earlier this week, the White House forced its allies like the U.K. to stop sharing U.S.-derived intelligence with Ukraine, a move with huge implications for Kyiv's military effort against Moscow and for detecting Russian missiles and drones heading for Ukrainian cities. This is reported to include GCHQ.Signals intelligence provided by GCHQ and the NSA \\\"are the big engine rooms of intelligence gathering, collection and dissemination,\\\" Walton said.\\\"Without intelligence, information, we might go blind,\\\" the head of Ukraine's foreign affairs committee, Oleksandr Merezhko, told Newsweek on Wednesday. The ban came days after Trump suspended all U.S. military aid to Ukraine, including supplies waiting just miles from the Ukrainian border in Eastern Europe. The pause followed Trump, along with Vice President JD Vance, publicly scolding Ukrainian leader Volodymyr Zelensky in the Oval Office in front of the world's media, accusing him of ingratitude.Some of the U.S.'s Five Eyes partners were among those throwing their weight behind Zelensky in the wake of the disastrous meeting, but they are also publicly doubling down on the stability of the intelligence-sharing network.Senior intelligence officials are likely split in the behind-the-scenes meetings, remarked Bob Ayers, a retired intelligence officer with the Pentagon and other agencies like the NSA, currently working as an international security expert.Some will lobby to limit America's access to intelligence on topics like Russia, while others will try to push a limited approach to information sharing, he told Newsweek. A select group will be pushing for business as usual—a view unlikely to have a long shelf-life, Ayers added.A British defense official told Newsweek on Wednesday that the Five Eyes cooperation was holding \\\"very, very strong,\\\" despite the turbulent rhetoric and public discomfort between the U.S. and its closest allies in recent days.The U.K. is still keen to project an impression of unity, with British Defense Secretary John Healey arriving in Washington on Wednesday, as the nation plows on with attempts to portray America as a stalwart ally.A spokesperson for the Canadian Security Intelligence Service said Ottawa \\\"deeply values its partnership with the United States, and we believe that it is in the strategic interest of both countries to continue our strong national security cooperation.\\\"\\\"While we are always alive to the geopolitical environment, strong bilateral collaboration will continue as it is mutually beneficial and keeps both our countries safe,\\\" the spokesperson added in a statement to Newsweek. \\\"Our alliance, which includes partnerships in intelligence and national security, remains strong. This is especially true in the face of growing global threats.\\\"Echoing this statement, a spokesperson from Canada's CSE told Newsweek that U.S.-Canadian \\\"collaboration extends well beyond transactional support into a very comprehensive intelligence-sharing framework.\\\"What Could a Four Eyes Do?It's not clear just how much of the intelligence swirling between Five Eyes countries comes from the U.S., but it is a \\\"significant and major\\\" contributor, likely eclipsing what smaller countries like New Zealand can generate, Walton said.\\\"The sheer size of the U.S. intelligence community means that it is the big dog within that relationship,\\\" he added.The strongest signals intelligence capabilities lie with the U.S. and the U.K., while America is the only one able to leverage its satellites to scoop up intelligence and imagery, said Ayers. The rest of the Five Eyes are dependent on the U.S. for this, he said.But the intelligence burden is too vast for any one nation—even the U.S.—to handle alone, Walton said. Former officials say Washington would be clawing up its own national security if it tampered with the Five Eyes.\\\"The United States government needs the Five Eyes alliance in order to collect intelligence on China,\\\" Walton said. Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth told European allies last month that the U.S. \\\"is prioritizing deterring war with China in the Pacific, recognizing the reality of scarcity, and making the resourcing trade-offs to ensure deterrence does not fail.\\\"Without Five Eyes, the U.S. risks being cut out of intelligence on what the Chinese and Russian leadership are doing, what they're planning and where they're cultivating influence, the former U.S. intelligence official said. American allies \\\"bring a lot to the table,\\\" they added.The Canadian Security Intelligence Service told Newsweek that it was a \\\"significant contributor to the Five Eyes\\\" and a \\\"trusted intelligence partner that brings unique capacities to the table.\\\"Australia inked the AUKUS security agreement with the U.S. and U.K. back in 2021 to work \\\"hand-in-glove to preserve security and stability in the Indo-Pacific,\\\" as London's Downing Street phrased it at the time. Canberra is well-positioned to provide intelligence on the region.But should the White House recoil from the Five Eyes, the remaining members could forge ahead with beefing up bilateral agreements on intelligence sharing between individual countries.Underwriting the Five Eyes, the U.S. and the other member countries already have bilateral intelligence agreements that would likely stay in place, even if there was a seismic shift to the formal alliance, experts say.This is a \\\"safety valve\\\" of sorts, the former U.S. intelligence official said.But there is also the sense, according to former U.S. officials, that much of the meaningful intelligence sharing is done by employees more toward the middle of the food chain in these agencies. Should mandates from above pull away from the spirit of sharing, it could be these officials who keep the flow of information running.U.S. allies outside the Five Eyes would likely respond to any breakdown of the alliance by strengthening their intelligence relationships with individual Five Eyes countries, said Johnstone.It could present an opportunity for nations like Japan or South Korea, who could build on their ties with Australia, he said, but a fraying of the Five Eyes would likely also be seen as \\\"a symbol of a fracturing international system that poses risks for them.\\\"\",\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/d.newsweek.com\\\/en\\\/full\\\/2601796\\\/end-five-eyes-intelligence-alliance.png\",\"image\":[{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/d.newsweek.com\\\/en\\\/full\\\/2601796\\\/end-five-eyes-intelligence-alliance.png?w=1600&h=900&q=88&f=feceb4f4920359985d031ec537fc7f4f\",\"width\":1600,\"height\":900,\"caption\":\"As U.S. President Donald Trump pivots to Russia, the spying alliance with the Five Eyes has been upended.\",\"sourceOrganization\":{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"name\":\"Photo-illustration by Newsweek\\\/Getty\"},\"creditText\":\"Photo-illustration by Newsweek\\\/Getty\",\"dateCreated\":\"2025-03-06T11:32:19Z\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/d.newsweek.com\\\/en\\\/full\\\/2601796\\\/end-five-eyes-intelligence-alliance.png\"},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/d.newsweek.com\\\/en\\\/full\\\/2601796\\\/end-five-eyes-intelligence-alliance.png?w=1600&h=1200&q=88&f=e416682b8ccbffbde0840be64f963429\",\"width\":1600,\"height\":1200,\"caption\":\"As U.S. President Donald Trump pivots to Russia, the spying alliance with the Five Eyes has been upended.\",\"sourceOrganization\":{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"name\":\"Photo-illustration by Newsweek\\\/Getty\"},\"creditText\":\"Photo-illustration by Newsweek\\\/Getty\",\"dateCreated\":\"2025-03-06T11:32:19Z\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/d.newsweek.com\\\/en\\\/full\\\/2601796\\\/end-five-eyes-intelligence-alliance.png\"},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/d.newsweek.com\\\/en\\\/full\\\/2601796\\\/end-five-eyes-intelligence-alliance.png?w=1600&h=1600&q=88&f=23facabb3c54b4b8abf693f5c91e43df\",\"width\":1600,\"height\":1600,\"caption\":\"As U.S. President Donald Trump pivots to Russia, the spying alliance with the Five Eyes has been upended.\",\"sourceOrganization\":{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"name\":\"Photo-illustration by Newsweek\\\/Getty\"},\"creditText\":\"Photo-illustration by Newsweek\\\/Getty\",\"dateCreated\":\"2025-03-06T11:32:19Z\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/d.newsweek.com\\\/en\\\/full\\\/2601796\\\/end-five-eyes-intelligence-alliance.png\"}],\"alternativeHeadline\":\"America-led spy network risks collapse over Trump-Russia fears\",\"articleSection\":\"World\",\"author\":[{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"name\":\"Ellie Cook\",\"jobTitle\":\"Security & Defense Reporter\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.newsweek.com\\\/authors\\\/ellie-cook\",\"email\":\"e.cook@newsweek.com\",\"description\":\"Ellie Cook is a Newsweek security and defense reporter based in London, U.K. Her work focuses largely on the Russia-Ukraine war, the U.S. military, weapons systems and emerging technology. She joined Newsweek in January 2023, having previously worked as a reporter at the Daily Express, and is a graduate of International Journalism at City, University of London. Languages: English, Spanish.You can reach Ellie via email at e.cook@newsweek.com. \"}],\"keywords\":[\"Donald Trump\",\"Five Eyes\",\"Intelligence\",\"Canada\",\"Australia\",\"New Zealand\"],\"video\":[{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"VideoObject\",\"name\":\"Senate Confirms Tulsi Gabbard as Trump's Director of National Intelligence\",\"description\":\"The Senate on Wednesday voted 52-48 to confirm Tulsi Gabbard as the next Director of National Intelligence.\",\"thumbnailUrl\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/d.newsweek.com\\\/en\\\/full\\\/2586930\\\/tulsi-gabbard.jpg?w=1280&h=720&q=88&f=c2a8ed6cc976c9aa8e9becf193313d0a\"],\"uploadDate\":\"2025-02-12T12:31:49-05:00\",\"duration\":\"PT0M11S\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/video.newsweek.com\\\/transcoder\\\/480p\\\/3062\\\/social-tulsi-2-1739381116.m3u8\"}],\"isAccessibleForFree\":\"True\"}<\/script> <script 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init is not a function.\")}}catch(e){console.error(e.message)}})<\/script> <div class=\"byline\">\nBy <span class=\"author\">\n<span class=\"tooltiptext\" id=\"tooltip_reporter_0\"><p>Ellie Cook is a Newsweek security and defense reporter based in London, U.K. Her work focuses largely on the Russia-Ukraine war, the U.S. military, weapons systems and emerging technology. She joined Newsweek in January 2023, having previously worked as a reporter at the Daily Express, and is a graduate of International Journalism at City, University of London. Languages: English, Spanish.You can reach Ellie via email at <a href=\"mailto:e.cook@newsweek.com\" data-mce-href=\"mailto:e.cook@newsweek.com\">e.cook@newsweek.com<\/a>. <\/p><p><br><\/p><div class=\"writers-page\">\n<a href=\"\/authors\/ellie-cook\">Writers Page\n<span class=\"writers-page-chevron\">\n<svg width=\"12\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 10\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n<path d=\"M3.488 5.6.176.08h1.008l3.504 4.104v.912L1.184 9.2H.176l3.288-5.448zm6.867 0L7.043.08h1.008l3.504 4.104v.912L8.051 9.2H7.043l3.288-5.448z\" fill=\"#F72210\"><\/path>\n<\/svg>\n<\/span>\n<\/a><\/div>\n<\/span>\n<a href=\" javascript:void(0); \" class=\"author-name\" rel=\"author\" data-id=\"reporter_0\"> Ellie Cook <\/a>\n<\/span><div class=\"user-title\">Security & Defense Reporter<\/div><div class=\"trust-project\">\n<a href=\"\/editorial-guidelines\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">\n<img 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trustModal=document.querySelector(\"#trustModal\");let trustModalDescription=document.querySelector(\".trust-modal-description\");trustModal.addEventListener(\"mouseover\",function(){trustModalDescription.style.display=\"block\";closeAuthorTooltips()})}else{let text=document.querySelector(\"#trustModal\");text.addEventListener(\"click\",function(){let trustModalDescription=document.querySelector(\".trust-modal-description\");display=trustModalDescription.style.display=='flex'?'none':'flex';trustModalDescription.style.display=display;if(display=='flex'){closeAuthorTooltips()}})}\ndoFir.push(function(){if(typeof getMessageCount==='function'&&dataLayer?.[0]?.entityId){getMessageCount(dataLayer[0].entityId,`article-${dataLayer[0].entityId}`)}else{console.error('getMessageCount has not been defined')}})})<\/script> <div class=\"article-body v_text\"><p>Picking up the pieces of a world shattered from World War II, the U.S., U.K., Canada, Australia and New Zealand formally banded together to pool their intelligence.<\/p><p>This Anglophone intel-sharing arrangement, dubbed the Five Eyes, has seen its members through the many decades since, an elaborate web of intelligence capabilities pitted against threats they all agree pose a danger.<\/p><p>But in a matter of days, U.S. President <a href=\"https:\/\/www.newsweek.com\/topic\/donald-trump\" data-sys=\"1\" class=\"multivariate\">Donald Trump<\/a> and his top officials have shredded the order, and the consensus, that has dominated for 80 years. Upending U.S. foreign policy, slapping tariffs north of the border and splattering America's allies with disdain, the new administration quickly had those relying on Washington asking whether they can trust the U.S. to provide vital, and sensitive, capabilities.<\/p><p>Little is more sensitive than the Five Eyes, its gaze long fixed on Moscow and Beijing. It is, in short, the \"most important intelligence sharing agreement in history,\" said Calder Walton, a historian specializing in national security and intelligence at Harvard University's Kennedy School of Government.<\/p><figure class=\"imageBox\" style=\"\"><div class=\"innerBox ar23-innerBox\" style=\"height:0;padding-bottom:66.6667%\">\n<picture class=\"mapping-embed\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\"><source type=\"image\/webp\" media=\"(min-width: 992px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601796\/end-five-eyes-intelligence-alliance.webp?w=790&f=a8cd647a0fc456085eeb561c5f93381a 1x\"><source type=\"image\/png\" media=\"(min-width: 992px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601796\/end-five-eyes-intelligence-alliance.png?w=790&f=a8cd647a0fc456085eeb561c5f93381a 1x\"><source type=\"image\/webp\" media=\"(min-width: 768px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601796\/end-five-eyes-intelligence-alliance.webp?w=900&f=e1d80751a571d1035f5b9e06b39be0b9 1x\"><source type=\"image\/png\" media=\"(min-width: 768px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601796\/end-five-eyes-intelligence-alliance.png?w=900&f=e1d80751a571d1035f5b9e06b39be0b9 1x\"><source type=\"image\/webp\" media=\"(min-width: 481px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601796\/end-five-eyes-intelligence-alliance.webp?w=790&f=a8cd647a0fc456085eeb561c5f93381a 1x\"><source type=\"image\/png\" media=\"(min-width: 481px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601796\/end-five-eyes-intelligence-alliance.png?w=790&f=a8cd647a0fc456085eeb561c5f93381a 1x\"><source type=\"image\/webp\" media=\"(min-width: 0px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601796\/end-five-eyes-intelligence-alliance.webp?w=450&f=c7ce5f4adc07aeb8ff086724325677ca 1x\"><source type=\"image\/png\" media=\"(min-width: 0px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601796\/end-five-eyes-intelligence-alliance.png?w=450&f=c7ce5f4adc07aeb8ff086724325677ca 1x\"><source type=\"image\/webp\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601796\/end-five-eyes-intelligence-alliance.webp?w=1200&f=7ba64f25494525017432e99a4a8e3a9d\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"mapping-embed imgPhoto\" id=\"i2601796\" src=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601796\/end-five-eyes-intelligence-alliance.png?w=1200&f=7ba64f25494525017432e99a4a8e3a9d\" alt=\"End of The Five Eyes Intelligence Alliance\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" \/><\/picture><\/div><figcaption class=\"caption ar23-caption\">\n<span class=\"cap\" id=\"short-cap-description\">As U.S. President Donald Trump pivots to Russia, the spying alliance with the Five Eyes has been upended.<\/span>\n<span class=\"cap\" id=\"full-cap-description\" style=\"display: none;\">As U.S. President Donald Trump pivots to Russia, the spying alliance with the Five Eyes has been upended.<\/span>\n<span class=\"credit ar23-credit\">Photo-illustration by Newsweek\/Getty<\/span>\n<\/figcaption> <script>function toggleCap(sourceEvent){const siblings=sourceEvent.parentNode.children;const shortDesc=siblings[\"short-cap-description\"];const fullDesc=siblings[\"full-cap-description\"];const readMoreBtn=sourceEvent;if(fullDesc.style.display==='none'){shortDesc.style.display='none';fullDesc.style.display='inline';readMoreBtn.textContent='Less'}else{shortDesc.style.display='inline';fullDesc.style.display='none';readMoreBtn.textContent='More'}}<\/script> <\/figure><p>But there are now pressing concerns over whether Trump will pull the U.S. from the alliance as part of his broader brush-off of America's allies—and whether the remaining nations of the Five Eyes could survive it. One potential scenario could see the White House stymie what it shares with allies.<\/p><p>In another possible path, the U.K., Canada, Australia and New Zealand could deem the U.S. an untrustworthy confidant and attempt to limit the intelligence it shares with Washington. American allies have watched with deepening unease the apparent rapprochement unfolding between the White House and the Kremlin.<\/p><p>Some are now actively discussing reeling in the intelligence they share with the U.S. because of the administration's Russia stance, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.newsweek.com\/topic\/nbc\" data-sys=\"1\" class=\"multivariate\">NBC<\/a> reported on Thursday, citing four anonymous sources with knowledge of the debates.<\/p><p>\"As long as Trump is president, the Five Eyes doesn't have value,\" a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.newsweek.com\/topic\/u.s.-military\" data-sys=\"1\" class=\"multivariate\">U.S. military<\/a> official told <em>Newsweek<\/em>.<\/p><h2><span style=\"color: black; font-weight: bold;\">What Is The Five Eyes?<\/span><\/h2><p>The Five Eyes brings intelligence agencies together, forming a 24-hour rolling operation. It covers various types of information, including signals intelligence led by cooperation between the U.S.'s National Security Agency (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.newsweek.com\/topic\/nsa\" data-sys=\"1\" class=\"multivariate\">NSA<\/a>), Britain's GCHQ, the Australian Signals Directorate, Communications Security Establishment Canada (CSE) and the Government Communications Security Bureau, headquartered in Wellington.<\/p><p><em>Newsweek<\/em> has reached out to the NSA, GCHQ, the Australian Signals Directorate and the New Zealand Security Intelligence Service for comment.<\/p><p>The Five Eyes can also pass on distilled or redacted intelligence to its other allies, and there had been chatter about broadening out the alliance to include other countries that have specialized knowledge and understanding on China, like South Korea or Japan, although former intelligence officials are skeptical about the appetite and practicality of this move.<\/p><p>The alliance is \"absolutely extraordinary in the history of intelligence and national security,\" credited with helping steer the world away from nuclear conflict throughout the Cold War, Walton told <em>Newsweek<\/em>. \"We're really on a knife-edge here.\"<\/p><p>The NSA and GCHQ are so intertwined, he said, that they can act as backups for one another.<\/p><p>\"The U.S., the U.K., Canada, Australia and New Zealand are literally hardwired into each other,\" he said. \"They are part of the same system.\"<\/p><h2>Could America's Gaze Look Elsewhere?<\/h2><p>The Five Eyes, while a product of the early Cold War, \"still brings incredible value,\" said Christopher Johnstone, a partner at The Asia Group strategic advisory firm and who served as director for East Asia in the National Security Council under President <a href=\"https:\/\/www.newsweek.com\/topic\/joe-biden\" data-sys=\"1\" class=\"multivariate\">Joe Biden<\/a>.<\/p><p>\"If it were to break down, it would have real consequences for all five parties,\" he told <em>Newsweek<\/em>, but stressed he didn't believe it to be \"an immediate risk.\"<\/p><p>\"But I do think there's a risk of an erosion of the cooperation that, over time, could be quite harmful,\" he added.<\/p><p>In a hint of Five Eyes fractures, the <em>Financial Times<\/em> reported late last month that one of Trump's top officials, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.newsweek.com\/topic\/peter-navarro\" data-sys=\"1\" class=\"multivariate\">Peter Navarro<\/a>, had lobbied for the U.S. to remove Canada from the Five Eyes.<\/p><p>Navarro swiftly denied the report, telling the media the U.S. would \"would never, ever jeopardize our national security, ever, with allies like Canada.\"<\/p><p>But it heightened worries over how the new administration would handle the U.S.'s role in the Five Eyes and how belligerent its attitude would become toward its allies in the intelligence realm. The U.S. could, theoretically, force Canada from the alliance, \"effectively sabotaging the alliance from within,\" Walton said. The U.S. military official described this scenario as unlikely but added, \"stranger things have happened.\"<\/p><p>For now, Walton said, we are \"truly unchartered territory.\"<\/p><p>\"There is some cause to be worried\" about the future of the Five Eyes, a former U.S. intelligence official told <em>Newsweek<\/em>. Much of the intelligence sharing—particularly with signals intelligence and imagery—is done automatically, but there is a risk that Five Eyes countries \"may become more restrained in sharing the most sensitive intelligence,\" including human intelligence, if they lose confidence in how the U.S. would handle it, the official said.<\/p><p>Trump has repeatedly railed against America's spy and intelligence agencies. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.newsweek.com\/topic\/tulsi-gabbard\" data-sys=\"1\" class=\"multivariate\">Tulsi Gabbard<\/a>, the freshly installed director of national intelligence, publicly parroted Kremlin talking points before committing to \"refocus\" the intelligence community after being sworn into the role. It is not clear how she intends to do this.<\/p><p>During Trump's first term in office, he reportedly shared \"highly classified information\" with Russia's foreign minister and ambassador during a White House meeting. Trump \"revealed more information to the Russian ambassador than we have shared with our own allies,\" an anonymous U.S. official described as familiar with the matter told the <em>Washington Post <\/em>in 2017.<\/p><p>H.R. McMaster, Trump's then-national security adviser who was ousted by Trump in 2018, described the report as \"false\" at the time. McMaster said in recent days that Trump was being \"played\" by Russian President <a href=\"https:\/\/www.newsweek.com\/topic\/vladimir-putin\" data-sys=\"1\" class=\"multivariate\">Vladimir Putin<\/a>.<\/p><p>As it stands, Putin \"could not dream of doing better than having the Five Eyes alliance undermined and sabotaged from within,\" Walton said. \"Whether Trump knows it or not, he's doing Putin's bidding for him.\"<\/p><p>Earlier this week, the White House <a href=\"https:\/\/www.newsweek.com\/russia-ukraine-2039872\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"multivariate\">forced its allies like the U.K. to stop sharing U.S.-derived intelligence<\/a> with Ukraine, a move with huge implications for Kyiv's military effort against Moscow and for detecting Russian missiles and drones heading for Ukrainian cities. This is reported to include GCHQ.<\/p><p>Signals intelligence provided by GCHQ and the NSA \"are the big engine rooms of intelligence gathering, collection and dissemination,\" Walton said.<\/p><p>\"Without intelligence, information, we might go blind,\" the head of Ukraine's foreign affairs committee, Oleksandr Merezhko, told <em>Newsweek<\/em> on Wednesday. The ban came days after Trump suspended all U.S. military aid to Ukraine, including supplies waiting just miles from the Ukrainian border in Eastern Europe. The pause followed Trump, along with Vice President <a href=\"https:\/\/www.newsweek.com\/topic\/jd-vance\" data-sys=\"1\" class=\"multivariate\">JD Vance<\/a>, publicly scolding Ukrainian leader <a href=\"https:\/\/www.newsweek.com\/topic\/volodymyr-zelensky\" data-sys=\"1\" class=\"multivariate\">Volodymyr Zelensky<\/a> in the Oval Office in front of the world's media, accusing him of ingratitude.<\/p><p>Some of the U.S.'s Five Eyes partners were among those throwing their weight behind Zelensky in the wake of the disastrous meeting, but they are also publicly doubling down on the stability of the intelligence-sharing network.<\/p><figure class=\"imageBox\" style=\"\"><div class=\"innerBox ar23-innerBox\" style=\"height:0;padding-bottom:66.6667%\">\n<picture class=\"mapping-embed\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\"><source type=\"image\/webp\" media=\"(min-width: 992px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601923\/donald-trump-justin-trudeau.webp?w=790&f=84ea85feebb759e06e4b53f87138705d 1x\"><source type=\"image\/jpeg\" media=\"(min-width: 992px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601923\/donald-trump-justin-trudeau.jpg?w=790&f=84ea85feebb759e06e4b53f87138705d 1x\"><source type=\"image\/webp\" media=\"(min-width: 768px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601923\/donald-trump-justin-trudeau.webp?w=900&f=95547f9fb552764c35637660c23eb495 1x\"><source type=\"image\/jpeg\" media=\"(min-width: 768px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601923\/donald-trump-justin-trudeau.jpg?w=900&f=95547f9fb552764c35637660c23eb495 1x\"><source type=\"image\/webp\" media=\"(min-width: 481px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601923\/donald-trump-justin-trudeau.webp?w=790&f=84ea85feebb759e06e4b53f87138705d 1x\"><source type=\"image\/jpeg\" media=\"(min-width: 481px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601923\/donald-trump-justin-trudeau.jpg?w=790&f=84ea85feebb759e06e4b53f87138705d 1x\"><source type=\"image\/webp\" media=\"(min-width: 0px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601923\/donald-trump-justin-trudeau.webp?w=450&f=3ea962ddbc9c76b245b1efe96107af5d 1x\"><source type=\"image\/jpeg\" media=\"(min-width: 0px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601923\/donald-trump-justin-trudeau.jpg?w=450&f=3ea962ddbc9c76b245b1efe96107af5d 1x\"><source type=\"image\/webp\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601923\/donald-trump-justin-trudeau.webp?w=1200&f=9bf8baa7ed7c8473030d7d2250c17d97\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"mapping-embed imgPhoto\" id=\"i2601923\" src=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601923\/donald-trump-justin-trudeau.jpg?w=1200&f=9bf8baa7ed7c8473030d7d2250c17d97\" alt=\"Donald Trump Justin Trudeau\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" \/><\/picture><\/div><figcaption class=\"caption ar23-caption\">\n<span class=\"cap\" id=\"short-cap-description\">U.S. President Donald Trump talks with Canada's Prime Minister Justin Trudeau during the plenary session of the NATO summit in London, U.K., on December 4, 2019.<\/span>\n<span class=\"cap\" id=\"full-cap-description\" style=\"display: none;\">U.S. President Donald Trump talks with Canada's Prime Minister Justin Trudeau during the plenary session of the NATO summit in London, U.K., on December 4, 2019.<\/span>\n<span class=\"credit ar23-credit\">Photo by NICHOLAS KAMM\/AFP via Getty Images<\/span>\n<\/figcaption> <script>function toggleCap(sourceEvent){const siblings=sourceEvent.parentNode.children;const shortDesc=siblings[\"short-cap-description\"];const fullDesc=siblings[\"full-cap-description\"];const readMoreBtn=sourceEvent;if(fullDesc.style.display==='none'){shortDesc.style.display='none';fullDesc.style.display='inline';readMoreBtn.textContent='Less'}else{shortDesc.style.display='inline';fullDesc.style.display='none';readMoreBtn.textContent='More'}}<\/script> <\/figure><p>Senior intelligence officials are likely split in the behind-the-scenes meetings, remarked Bob Ayers, a retired intelligence officer with the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.newsweek.com\/topic\/pentagon\" data-sys=\"1\" class=\"multivariate\">Pentagon<\/a> and other agencies like the NSA, currently working as an international security expert.<\/p><p>Some will lobby to limit America's access to intelligence on topics like Russia, while others will try to push a limited approach to information sharing, he told <em>Newsweek<\/em>. A select group will be pushing for business as usual—a view unlikely to have a long shelf-life, Ayers added.<\/p><p>A British defense official told <em>Newsweek<\/em> on Wednesday that the Five Eyes cooperation was holding \"very, very strong,\" despite the turbulent rhetoric and public discomfort between the U.S. and its closest allies in recent days.<\/p><p>The U.K. is still keen to project an impression of unity, with British Defense Secretary John Healey arriving in Washington on Wednesday, as the nation plows on with attempts to portray America as a stalwart ally.<\/p><p>A spokesperson for the Canadian Security Intelligence Service said Ottawa \"deeply values its partnership with the United States, and we believe that it is in the strategic interest of both countries to continue our strong national security cooperation.\"<\/p><p>\"While we are always alive to the geopolitical environment, strong bilateral collaboration will continue as it is mutually beneficial and keeps both our countries safe,\" the spokesperson added in a statement to <em>Newsweek<\/em>. \"Our alliance, which includes partnerships in intelligence and national security, remains strong. This is especially true in the face of growing global threats.\"<\/p><p>Echoing this statement, a spokesperson from Canada's CSE told <em>Newsweek <\/em>that U.S.-Canadian \"collaboration extends well beyond transactional support into a very comprehensive intelligence-sharing framework.\"<\/p><h2>What Could a Four Eyes Do?<\/h2><p>It's not clear just how much of the intelligence swirling between Five Eyes countries comes from the U.S., but it is a \"significant and major\" contributor, likely eclipsing what smaller countries like New Zealand can generate, Walton said.<\/p><p>\"The sheer size of the U.S. intelligence community means that it is the big dog within that relationship,\" he added.<\/p><p>The strongest signals intelligence capabilities lie with the U.S. and the U.K., while America is the only one able to leverage its satellites to scoop up intelligence and imagery, said Ayers. The rest of the Five Eyes are dependent on the U.S. for this, he said.<\/p><p>But the intelligence burden is too vast for any one nation—even the U.S.—to handle alone, Walton said. Former officials say Washington would be clawing up its own national security if it tampered with the Five Eyes.<\/p><p>\"The United States government needs the Five Eyes alliance in order to collect intelligence on China,\" Walton said. Defense Secretary <a href=\"https:\/\/www.newsweek.com\/topic\/pete-hegseth\" data-sys=\"1\" class=\"multivariate\">Pete Hegseth<\/a> told European allies last month that the U.S. \"is prioritizing deterring war with China in the Pacific, recognizing the reality of scarcity, and making the resourcing trade-offs to ensure deterrence does not fail.\"<\/p><p>Without Five Eyes, the U.S. risks being cut out of intelligence on what the Chinese and Russian leadership are doing, what they're planning and where they're cultivating influence, the former U.S. intelligence official said. American allies \"bring a lot to the table,\" they added.<\/p><p>The Canadian Security Intelligence Service told <em>Newsweek<\/em> that it was a \"significant contributor to the Five Eyes\" and a \"trusted intelligence partner that brings unique capacities to the table.\"<\/p><p>Australia inked the AUKUS security agreement with the U.S. and U.K. back in 2021 to work \"hand-in-glove to preserve security and stability in the Indo-Pacific,\" as London's Downing Street phrased it at the time. Canberra is well-positioned to provide intelligence on the region.<\/p><p>But should the White House recoil from the Five Eyes, the remaining members could forge ahead with beefing up bilateral agreements on intelligence sharing between individual countries.<\/p><p>Underwriting the Five Eyes, the U.S. and the other member countries already have bilateral intelligence agreements that would likely stay in place, even if there was a seismic shift to the formal alliance, experts say.<\/p><p>This is a \"safety valve\" of sorts, the former U.S. intelligence official said.<\/p><p>But there is also the sense, according to former U.S. officials, that much of the meaningful intelligence sharing is done by employees more toward the middle of the food chain in these agencies. Should mandates from above pull away from the spirit of sharing, it could be these officials who keep the flow of information running.<\/p><p>U.S. allies outside the Five Eyes would likely respond to any breakdown of the alliance by strengthening their intelligence relationships with individual Five Eyes countries, said Johnstone.<\/p><p>It could present an opportunity for nations like Japan or South Korea, who could build on their ties with Australia, he said, but a fraying of the Five Eyes would likely also be seen as \"a symbol of a fracturing international system that poses risks for them.\"<\/p> <script>doFir.push(function(){document.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\",function(event){let uncommonKnowledgeItems=document.querySelectorAll('.uncommon-list');if(uncommonKnowledgeItems.length>0){let uncommonKnowledgeContainerHtml='<div class=\"uncommon-knowledge\">\\\n <div class=\"logo-text\">\\\n <span><i class=\"uncommon-logo\"><\/i><\/span>\\\n <div class=\"text-content\">\\\n 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aria-label=\"White House Denies Decision Over Ending Legal Status of 240,000 Ukrainians\">\n<picture>\n<source type=\"image\/webp\" media=\"(max-width: 400px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601546\/trump-zelensky.webp?w=400&h=266&f=ccbb0a28ddb4de1f60fd81218ed54f57 1x\"><source type=\"image\/jpeg\" media=\"(max-width: 400px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601546\/trump-zelensky.jpg?w=400&h=266&f=ccbb0a28ddb4de1f60fd81218ed54f57 1x\"><source type=\"image\/webp\" media=\"(max-width: 768px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601546\/trump-zelensky.webp?w=768&h=512&f=c550b10bfbff0c751515dd17a2c9ba6d 1x\"><source type=\"image\/jpeg\" media=\"(max-width: 768px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601546\/trump-zelensky.jpg?w=768&h=512&f=c550b10bfbff0c751515dd17a2c9ba6d 1x\"><source type=\"image\/webp\" media=\"(min-width: 768px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601546\/trump-zelensky.webp?w=600&h=400&f=e6baf842dd03bf0e9399619b99f3d6da 1x\"><source type=\"image\/jpeg\" media=\"(min-width: 768px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601546\/trump-zelensky.jpg?w=600&h=400&f=e6baf842dd03bf0e9399619b99f3d6da 1x\"><source type=\"image\/webp\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601546\/trump-zelensky.webp\"> <img alt=\"\" class=\"article-img \" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601546\/trump-zelensky.jpg\" \/>\n<\/picture>\n<\/a><\/div><h3 class=\"news-title\">\n<a href=\"\/trump-plans-revoke-legal-status-240k-ukrainians-report-2040504\">White House Denies Decision Over Ending Legal Status of 240,000 Ukrainians<\/a><\/h3><\/article>\n<article class=\"article-card\"><div class=\"article-card--image\">\n<a href=\"\/trump-education-department-administration-live-updates-2040537\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Trump Temporarily Lifts Tariffs on Most Goods From Mexico: Live Updates\">\n<picture>\n<source type=\"image\/webp\" media=\"(max-width: 400px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601556\/donald-trump.webp?w=400&h=266&f=8260f0bf90d8e5ad7ab07a9c6c5fe28b 1x\"><source type=\"image\/jpeg\" media=\"(max-width: 400px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601556\/donald-trump.jpg?w=400&h=266&f=8260f0bf90d8e5ad7ab07a9c6c5fe28b 1x\"><source type=\"image\/webp\" media=\"(max-width: 768px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601556\/donald-trump.webp?w=768&h=512&f=806b2d8c8e5b9b73b2345acd5e99fd81 1x\"><source type=\"image\/jpeg\" media=\"(max-width: 768px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601556\/donald-trump.jpg?w=768&h=512&f=806b2d8c8e5b9b73b2345acd5e99fd81 1x\"><source type=\"image\/webp\" media=\"(min-width: 768px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601556\/donald-trump.webp?w=600&h=400&f=3f90b03ef6007bd8eedd94b467a7cd8e 1x\"><source type=\"image\/jpeg\" media=\"(min-width: 768px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601556\/donald-trump.jpg?w=600&h=400&f=3f90b03ef6007bd8eedd94b467a7cd8e 1x\"><source type=\"image\/webp\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601556\/donald-trump.webp\"> <img alt=\"\" class=\"article-img \" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601556\/donald-trump.jpg\" \/>\n<\/picture>\n<\/a><\/div><h3 class=\"news-title\">\n<a href=\"\/trump-education-department-administration-live-updates-2040537\">Trump Temporarily Lifts Tariffs on Most Goods From Mexico: Live Updates<\/a><\/h3><\/article>\n<article class=\"article-card\"><div class=\"article-card--image\">\n<a href=\"\/japan-news-trump-pentagon-elbridge-colby-defense-spending-2040539\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"US Ally Responds to Trump Pick's Defense Demands\">\n<picture>\n<source type=\"image\/webp\" media=\"(max-width: 400px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601666\/japanese-prime-minister-shigeru-ishiba.webp?w=400&h=266&f=f6cb98b6864bbd0df2f2e30eb5a75e7d 1x\"><source type=\"image\/jpeg\" media=\"(max-width: 400px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601666\/japanese-prime-minister-shigeru-ishiba.jpg?w=400&h=266&f=f6cb98b6864bbd0df2f2e30eb5a75e7d 1x\"><source type=\"image\/webp\" media=\"(max-width: 768px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601666\/japanese-prime-minister-shigeru-ishiba.webp?w=768&h=512&f=6e14701654f66cb5599074368c8fde22 1x\"><source type=\"image\/jpeg\" media=\"(max-width: 768px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601666\/japanese-prime-minister-shigeru-ishiba.jpg?w=768&h=512&f=6e14701654f66cb5599074368c8fde22 1x\"><source type=\"image\/webp\" media=\"(min-width: 768px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601666\/japanese-prime-minister-shigeru-ishiba.webp?w=600&h=400&f=21858e48486bc4a3117c281185e39ff7 1x\"><source type=\"image\/jpeg\" media=\"(min-width: 768px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601666\/japanese-prime-minister-shigeru-ishiba.jpg?w=600&h=400&f=21858e48486bc4a3117c281185e39ff7 1x\"><source type=\"image\/webp\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601666\/japanese-prime-minister-shigeru-ishiba.webp\"> <img alt=\"\" class=\"article-img \" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601666\/japanese-prime-minister-shigeru-ishiba.jpg\" \/>\n<\/picture>\n<\/a><\/div><h3 class=\"news-title\">\n<a href=\"\/japan-news-trump-pentagon-elbridge-colby-defense-spending-2040539\">US Ally Responds to Trump Pick's Defense Demands<\/a><\/h3><\/article>\n<article class=\"article-card\"><div class=\"article-card--image\">\n<a href=\"\/houthis-yemen-red-sea-donald-trump-united-states-shipping-middle-east-2040469\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Houthis React to U.S. Sanctions\">\n<picture>\n<source type=\"image\/webp\" media=\"(max-width: 400px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601491\/houthi-rebels.webp?w=400&h=266&f=01beea9e80727c629f9685e8895f88cc 1x\"><source type=\"image\/jpeg\" media=\"(max-width: 400px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601491\/houthi-rebels.jpg?w=400&h=266&f=01beea9e80727c629f9685e8895f88cc 1x\"><source type=\"image\/webp\" media=\"(max-width: 768px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601491\/houthi-rebels.webp?w=768&h=512&f=cb06e7e156367260924fdcd431b3174f 1x\"><source type=\"image\/jpeg\" media=\"(max-width: 768px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601491\/houthi-rebels.jpg?w=768&h=512&f=cb06e7e156367260924fdcd431b3174f 1x\"><source type=\"image\/webp\" media=\"(min-width: 768px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601491\/houthi-rebels.webp?w=600&h=400&f=859f29a467371f3b70ec9ead69ad05e1 1x\"><source type=\"image\/jpeg\" media=\"(min-width: 768px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601491\/houthi-rebels.jpg?w=600&h=400&f=859f29a467371f3b70ec9ead69ad05e1 1x\"><source type=\"image\/webp\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601491\/houthi-rebels.webp\"> <img alt=\"\" class=\"article-img \" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601491\/houthi-rebels.jpg\" \/>\n<\/picture>\n<\/a><\/div><h3 class=\"news-title\">\n<a href=\"\/houthis-yemen-red-sea-donald-trump-united-states-shipping-middle-east-2040469\">Houthis React to U.S. Sanctions<\/a><\/h3><\/article><\/div><\/div> <\/section><section class=\"about-writer\" data-gtm-action=\"About_The_Writer\"><h3 class=\"side-lines\">About the writer<\/h3>\n<span class=\"author\">\n<span class=\"tooltiptext\" id=\"tooltip_reporter_0\"><p>Ellie Cook is a Newsweek security and defense reporter based in London, U.K. Her work focuses largely on the Russia-Ukraine war, the U.S. military, weapons systems and emerging technology. She joined Newsweek in January 2023, having previously worked as a reporter at the Daily Express, and is a graduate of International Journalism at City, University of London. Languages: English, Spanish.You can reach Ellie via email at <a href=\"mailto:e.cook@newsweek.com\" data-mce-href=\"mailto:e.cook@newsweek.com\">e.cook@newsweek.com<\/a>. <\/p><p><br><\/p><div class=\"writers-page\">\n<a href=\"\/authors\/ellie-cook\">Writers Page\n<span class=\"writers-page-chevron\">\n<svg width=\"12\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 10\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n<path d=\"M3.488 5.6.176.08h1.008l3.504 4.104v.912L1.184 9.2H.176l3.288-5.448zm6.867 0L7.043.08h1.008l3.504 4.104v.912L8.051 9.2H7.043l3.288-5.448z\" fill=\"#F72210\"><\/path>\n<\/svg>\n<\/span>\n<\/a><\/div>\n<\/span>\n<a href=\" javascript:void(0); \" class=\"author-name\" rel=\"author\" data-id=\"reporter_0\"> Ellie Cook <\/a>\n<\/span> <br>\n<button class=\"follow-btn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.newsweek.com\/authors\/ellie-cook\">FOLLOW <\/a><\/button><div class=\"social-links\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/div><div class=\"description-writer\">\n<span id=\"more-description\" style=\"display: none;\"><p>Ellie Cook is a Newsweek security and defense reporter based in London, U.K. Her work focuses largely on the Russia-Ukraine war, the U.S. military, weapons systems and emerging technology. She joined Newsweek in January 2023, having previously worked as a reporter at the Daily Express, and is a graduate of International Journalism at City, University of London. 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Upending U.S. foreign policy, slapping tariffs north of the border and splattering America's allies with disdain, the new administration quickly had those relying on Washington asking whether they can trust the U.S. to provide vital, and sensitive, capabilities.Little is more sensitive than the Five Eyes, its gaze long fixed on Moscow and Beijing. It is, in short, the \\\"most important intelligence sharing agreement in history,\\\" said Calder Walton, a historian specializing in national security and intelligence at Harvard University's Kennedy School of Government.But there are now pressing concerns over whether Trump will pull the U.S. from the alliance as part of his broader brush-off of America's allies—and whether the remaining nations of the Five Eyes could survive it. One potential scenario could see the White House stymie what it shares with allies.In another possible path, the U.K., Canada, Australia and New Zealand could deem the U.S. an untrustworthy confidant and attempt to limit the intelligence it shares with Washington. American allies have watched with deepening unease the apparent rapprochement unfolding between the White House and the Kremlin.Some are now actively discussing reeling in the intelligence they share with the U.S. because of the administration's Russia stance, NBC reported on Thursday, citing four anonymous sources with knowledge of the debates.\\\"As long as Trump is president, the Five Eyes doesn't have value,\\\" a U.S. military official told Newsweek.What Is The Five Eyes?The Five Eyes brings intelligence agencies together, forming a 24-hour rolling operation. It covers various types of information, including signals intelligence led by cooperation between the U.S.'s National Security Agency (NSA), Britain's GCHQ, the Australian Signals Directorate, Communications Security Establishment Canada (CSE) and the Government Communications Security Bureau, headquartered in Wellington.Newsweek has reached out to the NSA, GCHQ, the Australian Signals Directorate and the New Zealand Security Intelligence Service for comment.The Five Eyes can also pass on distilled or redacted intelligence to its other allies, and there had been chatter about broadening out the alliance to include other countries that have specialized knowledge and understanding on China, like South Korea or Japan, although former intelligence officials are skeptical about the appetite and practicality of this move.The alliance is \\\"absolutely extraordinary in the history of intelligence and national security,\\\" credited with helping steer the world away from nuclear conflict throughout the Cold War, Walton told Newsweek. \\\"We're really on a knife-edge here.\\\"The NSA and GCHQ are so intertwined, he said, that they can act as backups for one another.\\\"The U.S., the U.K., Canada, Australia and New Zealand are literally hardwired into each other,\\\" he said. \\\"They are part of the same system.\\\"Could America's Gaze Look Elsewhere?The Five Eyes, while a product of the early Cold War, \\\"still brings incredible value,\\\" said Christopher Johnstone, a partner at The Asia Group strategic advisory firm and who served as director for East Asia in the National Security Council under President Joe Biden.\\\"If it were to break down, it would have real consequences for all five parties,\\\" he told Newsweek, but stressed he didn't believe it to be \\\"an immediate risk.\\\"\\\"But I do think there's a risk of an erosion of the cooperation that, over time, could be quite harmful,\\\" he added.In a hint of Five Eyes fractures, the Financial Times reported late last month that one of Trump's top officials, Peter Navarro, had lobbied for the U.S. to remove Canada from the Five Eyes.Navarro swiftly denied the report, telling the media the U.S. would \\\"would never, ever jeopardize our national security, ever, with allies like Canada.\\\"But it heightened worries over how the new administration would handle the U.S.'s role in the Five Eyes and how belligerent its attitude would become toward its allies in the intelligence realm. The U.S. could, theoretically, force Canada from the alliance, \\\"effectively sabotaging the alliance from within,\\\" Walton said. The U.S. military official described this scenario as unlikely but added, \\\"stranger things have happened.\\\"For now, Walton said, we are \\\"truly unchartered territory.\\\"\\\"There is some cause to be worried\\\" about the future of the Five Eyes, a former U.S. intelligence official told Newsweek. Much of the intelligence sharing—particularly with signals intelligence and imagery—is done automatically, but there is a risk that Five Eyes countries \\\"may become more restrained in sharing the most sensitive intelligence,\\\" including human intelligence, if they lose confidence in how the U.S. would handle it, the official said.Trump has repeatedly railed against America's spy and intelligence agencies. Tulsi Gabbard, the freshly installed director of national intelligence, publicly parroted Kremlin talking points before committing to \\\"refocus\\\" the intelligence community after being sworn into the role. It is not clear how she intends to do this.During Trump's first term in office, he reportedly shared \\\"highly classified information\\\" with Russia's foreign minister and ambassador during a White House meeting. Trump \\\"revealed more information to the Russian ambassador than we have shared with our own allies,\\\" an anonymous U.S. official described as familiar with the matter told the Washington Post in 2017.H.R. McMaster, Trump's then-national security adviser who was ousted by Trump in 2018, described the report as \\\"false\\\" at the time. McMaster said in recent days that Trump was being \\\"played\\\" by Russian President Vladimir Putin.As it stands, Putin \\\"could not dream of doing better than having the Five Eyes alliance undermined and sabotaged from within,\\\" Walton said. \\\"Whether Trump knows it or not, he's doing Putin's bidding for him.\\\"Earlier this week, the White House forced its allies like the U.K. to stop sharing U.S.-derived intelligence with Ukraine, a move with huge implications for Kyiv's military effort against Moscow and for detecting Russian missiles and drones heading for Ukrainian cities. This is reported to include GCHQ.Signals intelligence provided by GCHQ and the NSA \\\"are the big engine rooms of intelligence gathering, collection and dissemination,\\\" Walton said.\\\"Without intelligence, information, we might go blind,\\\" the head of Ukraine's foreign affairs committee, Oleksandr Merezhko, told Newsweek on Wednesday. The ban came days after Trump suspended all U.S. military aid to Ukraine, including supplies waiting just miles from the Ukrainian border in Eastern Europe. The pause followed Trump, along with Vice President JD Vance, publicly scolding Ukrainian leader Volodymyr Zelensky in the Oval Office in front of the world's media, accusing him of ingratitude.Some of the U.S.'s Five Eyes partners were among those throwing their weight behind Zelensky in the wake of the disastrous meeting, but they are also publicly doubling down on the stability of the intelligence-sharing network.Senior intelligence officials are likely split in the behind-the-scenes meetings, remarked Bob Ayers, a retired intelligence officer with the Pentagon and other agencies like the NSA, currently working as an international security expert.Some will lobby to limit America's access to intelligence on topics like Russia, while others will try to push a limited approach to information sharing, he told Newsweek. A select group will be pushing for business as usual—a view unlikely to have a long shelf-life, Ayers added.A British defense official told Newsweek on Wednesday that the Five Eyes cooperation was holding \\\"very, very strong,\\\" despite the turbulent rhetoric and public discomfort between the U.S. and its closest allies in recent days.The U.K. is still keen to project an impression of unity, with British Defense Secretary John Healey arriving in Washington on Wednesday, as the nation plows on with attempts to portray America as a stalwart ally.A spokesperson for the Canadian Security Intelligence Service said Ottawa \\\"deeply values its partnership with the United States, and we believe that it is in the strategic interest of both countries to continue our strong national security cooperation.\\\"\\\"While we are always alive to the geopolitical environment, strong bilateral collaboration will continue as it is mutually beneficial and keeps both our countries safe,\\\" the spokesperson added in a statement to Newsweek. \\\"Our alliance, which includes partnerships in intelligence and national security, remains strong. This is especially true in the face of growing global threats.\\\"Echoing this statement, a spokesperson from Canada's CSE told Newsweek that U.S.-Canadian \\\"collaboration extends well beyond transactional support into a very comprehensive intelligence-sharing framework.\\\"What Could a Four Eyes Do?It's not clear just how much of the intelligence swirling between Five Eyes countries comes from the U.S., but it is a \\\"significant and major\\\" contributor, likely eclipsing what smaller countries like New Zealand can generate, Walton said.\\\"The sheer size of the U.S. intelligence community means that it is the big dog within that relationship,\\\" he added.The strongest signals intelligence capabilities lie with the U.S. and the U.K., while America is the only one able to leverage its satellites to scoop up intelligence and imagery, said Ayers. The rest of the Five Eyes are dependent on the U.S. for this, he said.But the intelligence burden is too vast for any one nation—even the U.S.—to handle alone, Walton said. Former officials say Washington would be clawing up its own national security if it tampered with the Five Eyes.\\\"The United States government needs the Five Eyes alliance in order to collect intelligence on China,\\\" Walton said. Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth told European allies last month that the U.S. \\\"is prioritizing deterring war with China in the Pacific, recognizing the reality of scarcity, and making the resourcing trade-offs to ensure deterrence does not fail.\\\"Without Five Eyes, the U.S. risks being cut out of intelligence on what the Chinese and Russian leadership are doing, what they're planning and where they're cultivating influence, the former U.S. intelligence official said. American allies \\\"bring a lot to the table,\\\" they added.The Canadian Security Intelligence Service told Newsweek that it was a \\\"significant contributor to the Five Eyes\\\" and a \\\"trusted intelligence partner that brings unique capacities to the table.\\\"Australia inked the AUKUS security agreement with the U.S. and U.K. back in 2021 to work \\\"hand-in-glove to preserve security and stability in the Indo-Pacific,\\\" as London's Downing Street phrased it at the time. Canberra is well-positioned to provide intelligence on the region.But should the White House recoil from the Five Eyes, the remaining members could forge ahead with beefing up bilateral agreements on intelligence sharing between individual countries.Underwriting the Five Eyes, the U.S. and the other member countries already have bilateral intelligence agreements that would likely stay in place, even if there was a seismic shift to the formal alliance, experts say.This is a \\\"safety valve\\\" of sorts, the former U.S. intelligence official said.But there is also the sense, according to former U.S. officials, that much of the meaningful intelligence sharing is done by employees more toward the middle of the food chain in these agencies. Should mandates from above pull away from the spirit of sharing, it could be these officials who keep the flow of information running.U.S. allies outside the Five Eyes would likely respond to any breakdown of the alliance by strengthening their intelligence relationships with individual Five Eyes countries, said Johnstone.It could present an opportunity for nations like Japan or South Korea, who could build on their ties with Australia, he said, but a fraying of the Five Eyes would likely also be seen as \\\"a symbol of a fracturing international system that poses risks for them.\\\"\",\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/d.newsweek.com\\\/en\\\/full\\\/2601796\\\/end-five-eyes-intelligence-alliance.png\",\"image\":[{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/d.newsweek.com\\\/en\\\/full\\\/2601796\\\/end-five-eyes-intelligence-alliance.png?w=1600&h=900&q=88&f=feceb4f4920359985d031ec537fc7f4f\",\"width\":1600,\"height\":900,\"caption\":\"As U.S. President Donald Trump pivots to Russia, the spying alliance with the Five Eyes has been upended.\",\"sourceOrganization\":{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"name\":\"Photo-illustration by Newsweek\\\/Getty\"},\"creditText\":\"Photo-illustration by Newsweek\\\/Getty\",\"dateCreated\":\"2025-03-06T11:32:19Z\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/d.newsweek.com\\\/en\\\/full\\\/2601796\\\/end-five-eyes-intelligence-alliance.png\"},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/d.newsweek.com\\\/en\\\/full\\\/2601796\\\/end-five-eyes-intelligence-alliance.png?w=1600&h=1200&q=88&f=e416682b8ccbffbde0840be64f963429\",\"width\":1600,\"height\":1200,\"caption\":\"As U.S. President Donald Trump pivots to Russia, the spying alliance with the Five Eyes has been upended.\",\"sourceOrganization\":{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"name\":\"Photo-illustration by Newsweek\\\/Getty\"},\"creditText\":\"Photo-illustration by Newsweek\\\/Getty\",\"dateCreated\":\"2025-03-06T11:32:19Z\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/d.newsweek.com\\\/en\\\/full\\\/2601796\\\/end-five-eyes-intelligence-alliance.png\"},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/d.newsweek.com\\\/en\\\/full\\\/2601796\\\/end-five-eyes-intelligence-alliance.png?w=1600&h=1600&q=88&f=23facabb3c54b4b8abf693f5c91e43df\",\"width\":1600,\"height\":1600,\"caption\":\"As U.S. President Donald Trump pivots to Russia, the spying alliance with the Five Eyes has been upended.\",\"sourceOrganization\":{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"name\":\"Photo-illustration by Newsweek\\\/Getty\"},\"creditText\":\"Photo-illustration by Newsweek\\\/Getty\",\"dateCreated\":\"2025-03-06T11:32:19Z\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/d.newsweek.com\\\/en\\\/full\\\/2601796\\\/end-five-eyes-intelligence-alliance.png\"}],\"alternativeHeadline\":\"America-led spy network risks collapse over Trump-Russia fears\",\"articleSection\":\"World\",\"author\":[{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"name\":\"Ellie Cook\",\"jobTitle\":\"Security & Defense Reporter\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.newsweek.com\\\/authors\\\/ellie-cook\",\"email\":\"e.cook@newsweek.com\",\"description\":\"Ellie Cook is a Newsweek security and defense reporter based in London, U.K. Her work focuses largely on the Russia-Ukraine war, the U.S. military, weapons systems and emerging technology. She joined Newsweek in January 2023, having previously worked as a reporter at the Daily Express, and is a graduate of International Journalism at City, University of London. Languages: English, Spanish.You can reach Ellie via email at e.cook@newsweek.com. \"}],\"keywords\":[\"Donald Trump\",\"Five Eyes\",\"Intelligence\",\"Canada\",\"Australia\",\"New Zealand\"],\"video\":[{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"VideoObject\",\"name\":\"Senate Confirms Tulsi Gabbard as Trump's Director of National Intelligence\",\"description\":\"The Senate on Wednesday voted 52-48 to confirm Tulsi Gabbard as the next Director of National Intelligence.\",\"thumbnailUrl\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/d.newsweek.com\\\/en\\\/full\\\/2586930\\\/tulsi-gabbard.jpg?w=1280&h=720&q=88&f=c2a8ed6cc976c9aa8e9becf193313d0a\"],\"uploadDate\":\"2025-02-12T12:31:49-05:00\",\"duration\":\"PT0M11S\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/video.newsweek.com\\\/transcoder\\\/480p\\\/3062\\\/social-tulsi-2-1739381116.m3u8\"}],\"isAccessibleForFree\":\"True\"}<\/script> <script 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init is not a function.\")}}catch(e){console.error(e.message)}})<\/script> <div class=\"byline\">\nBy <span class=\"author\">\n<span class=\"tooltiptext\" id=\"tooltip_reporter_0\"><p>Ellie Cook is a Newsweek security and defense reporter based in London, U.K. Her work focuses largely on the Russia-Ukraine war, the U.S. military, weapons systems and emerging technology. She joined Newsweek in January 2023, having previously worked as a reporter at the Daily Express, and is a graduate of International Journalism at City, University of London. Languages: English, Spanish.You can reach Ellie via email at <a href=\"mailto:e.cook@newsweek.com\" data-mce-href=\"mailto:e.cook@newsweek.com\">e.cook@newsweek.com<\/a>. <\/p><p><br><\/p><div class=\"writers-page\">\n<a href=\"\/authors\/ellie-cook\">Writers Page\n<span class=\"writers-page-chevron\">\n<svg width=\"12\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 10\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n<path d=\"M3.488 5.6.176.08h1.008l3.504 4.104v.912L1.184 9.2H.176l3.288-5.448zm6.867 0L7.043.08h1.008l3.504 4.104v.912L8.051 9.2H7.043l3.288-5.448z\" fill=\"#F72210\"><\/path>\n<\/svg>\n<\/span>\n<\/a><\/div>\n<\/span>\n<a href=\" javascript:void(0); \" class=\"author-name\" rel=\"author\" data-id=\"reporter_0\"> Ellie Cook <\/a>\n<\/span><div class=\"user-title\">Security & Defense Reporter<\/div><div class=\"trust-project\">\n<a href=\"\/editorial-guidelines\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">\n<img 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trustModal=document.querySelector(\"#trustModal\");let trustModalDescription=document.querySelector(\".trust-modal-description\");trustModal.addEventListener(\"mouseover\",function(){trustModalDescription.style.display=\"block\";closeAuthorTooltips()})}else{let text=document.querySelector(\"#trustModal\");text.addEventListener(\"click\",function(){let trustModalDescription=document.querySelector(\".trust-modal-description\");display=trustModalDescription.style.display=='flex'?'none':'flex';trustModalDescription.style.display=display;if(display=='flex'){closeAuthorTooltips()}})}\ndoFir.push(function(){if(typeof getMessageCount==='function'&&dataLayer?.[0]?.entityId){getMessageCount(dataLayer[0].entityId,`article-${dataLayer[0].entityId}`)}else{console.error('getMessageCount has not been defined')}})})<\/script> <div class=\"article-body v_text\"><p>Picking up the pieces of a world shattered from World War II, the U.S., U.K., Canada, Australia and New Zealand formally banded together to pool their intelligence.<\/p><p>This Anglophone intel-sharing arrangement, dubbed the Five Eyes, has seen its members through the many decades since, an elaborate web of intelligence capabilities pitted against threats they all agree pose a danger.<\/p><p>But in a matter of days, U.S. President <a href=\"https:\/\/www.newsweek.com\/topic\/donald-trump\" data-sys=\"1\" class=\"multivariate\">Donald Trump<\/a> and his top officials have shredded the order, and the consensus, that has dominated for 80 years. Upending U.S. foreign policy, slapping tariffs north of the border and splattering America's allies with disdain, the new administration quickly had those relying on Washington asking whether they can trust the U.S. to provide vital, and sensitive, capabilities.<\/p><p>Little is more sensitive than the Five Eyes, its gaze long fixed on Moscow and Beijing. It is, in short, the \"most important intelligence sharing agreement in history,\" said Calder Walton, a historian specializing in national security and intelligence at Harvard University's Kennedy School of Government.<\/p><figure class=\"imageBox\" style=\"\"><div class=\"innerBox ar23-innerBox\" style=\"height:0;padding-bottom:66.6667%\">\n<picture class=\"mapping-embed\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\"><source type=\"image\/webp\" media=\"(min-width: 992px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601796\/end-five-eyes-intelligence-alliance.webp?w=790&f=a8cd647a0fc456085eeb561c5f93381a 1x\"><source type=\"image\/png\" media=\"(min-width: 992px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601796\/end-five-eyes-intelligence-alliance.png?w=790&f=a8cd647a0fc456085eeb561c5f93381a 1x\"><source type=\"image\/webp\" media=\"(min-width: 768px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601796\/end-five-eyes-intelligence-alliance.webp?w=900&f=e1d80751a571d1035f5b9e06b39be0b9 1x\"><source type=\"image\/png\" media=\"(min-width: 768px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601796\/end-five-eyes-intelligence-alliance.png?w=900&f=e1d80751a571d1035f5b9e06b39be0b9 1x\"><source type=\"image\/webp\" media=\"(min-width: 481px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601796\/end-five-eyes-intelligence-alliance.webp?w=790&f=a8cd647a0fc456085eeb561c5f93381a 1x\"><source type=\"image\/png\" media=\"(min-width: 481px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601796\/end-five-eyes-intelligence-alliance.png?w=790&f=a8cd647a0fc456085eeb561c5f93381a 1x\"><source type=\"image\/webp\" media=\"(min-width: 0px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601796\/end-five-eyes-intelligence-alliance.webp?w=450&f=c7ce5f4adc07aeb8ff086724325677ca 1x\"><source type=\"image\/png\" media=\"(min-width: 0px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601796\/end-five-eyes-intelligence-alliance.png?w=450&f=c7ce5f4adc07aeb8ff086724325677ca 1x\"><source type=\"image\/webp\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601796\/end-five-eyes-intelligence-alliance.webp?w=1200&f=7ba64f25494525017432e99a4a8e3a9d\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"mapping-embed imgPhoto\" id=\"i2601796\" src=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601796\/end-five-eyes-intelligence-alliance.png?w=1200&f=7ba64f25494525017432e99a4a8e3a9d\" alt=\"End of The Five Eyes Intelligence Alliance\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" \/><\/picture><\/div><figcaption class=\"caption ar23-caption\">\n<span class=\"cap\" id=\"short-cap-description\">As U.S. President Donald Trump pivots to Russia, the spying alliance with the Five Eyes has been upended.<\/span>\n<span class=\"cap\" id=\"full-cap-description\" style=\"display: none;\">As U.S. President Donald Trump pivots to Russia, the spying alliance with the Five Eyes has been upended.<\/span>\n<span class=\"credit ar23-credit\">Photo-illustration by Newsweek\/Getty<\/span>\n<\/figcaption> <script>function toggleCap(sourceEvent){const siblings=sourceEvent.parentNode.children;const shortDesc=siblings[\"short-cap-description\"];const fullDesc=siblings[\"full-cap-description\"];const readMoreBtn=sourceEvent;if(fullDesc.style.display==='none'){shortDesc.style.display='none';fullDesc.style.display='inline';readMoreBtn.textContent='Less'}else{shortDesc.style.display='inline';fullDesc.style.display='none';readMoreBtn.textContent='More'}}<\/script> <\/figure><p>But there are now pressing concerns over whether Trump will pull the U.S. from the alliance as part of his broader brush-off of America's allies—and whether the remaining nations of the Five Eyes could survive it. One potential scenario could see the White House stymie what it shares with allies.<\/p><p>In another possible path, the U.K., Canada, Australia and New Zealand could deem the U.S. an untrustworthy confidant and attempt to limit the intelligence it shares with Washington. American allies have watched with deepening unease the apparent rapprochement unfolding between the White House and the Kremlin.<\/p><p>Some are now actively discussing reeling in the intelligence they share with the U.S. because of the administration's Russia stance, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.newsweek.com\/topic\/nbc\" data-sys=\"1\" class=\"multivariate\">NBC<\/a> reported on Thursday, citing four anonymous sources with knowledge of the debates.<\/p><p>\"As long as Trump is president, the Five Eyes doesn't have value,\" a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.newsweek.com\/topic\/u.s.-military\" data-sys=\"1\" class=\"multivariate\">U.S. military<\/a> official told <em>Newsweek<\/em>.<\/p><h2><span style=\"color: black; font-weight: bold;\">What Is The Five Eyes?<\/span><\/h2><p>The Five Eyes brings intelligence agencies together, forming a 24-hour rolling operation. It covers various types of information, including signals intelligence led by cooperation between the U.S.'s National Security Agency (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.newsweek.com\/topic\/nsa\" data-sys=\"1\" class=\"multivariate\">NSA<\/a>), Britain's GCHQ, the Australian Signals Directorate, Communications Security Establishment Canada (CSE) and the Government Communications Security Bureau, headquartered in Wellington.<\/p><p><em>Newsweek<\/em> has reached out to the NSA, GCHQ, the Australian Signals Directorate and the New Zealand Security Intelligence Service for comment.<\/p><p>The Five Eyes can also pass on distilled or redacted intelligence to its other allies, and there had been chatter about broadening out the alliance to include other countries that have specialized knowledge and understanding on China, like South Korea or Japan, although former intelligence officials are skeptical about the appetite and practicality of this move.<\/p><p>The alliance is \"absolutely extraordinary in the history of intelligence and national security,\" credited with helping steer the world away from nuclear conflict throughout the Cold War, Walton told <em>Newsweek<\/em>. \"We're really on a knife-edge here.\"<\/p><p>The NSA and GCHQ are so intertwined, he said, that they can act as backups for one another.<\/p><p>\"The U.S., the U.K., Canada, Australia and New Zealand are literally hardwired into each other,\" he said. \"They are part of the same system.\"<\/p><h2>Could America's Gaze Look Elsewhere?<\/h2><p>The Five Eyes, while a product of the early Cold War, \"still brings incredible value,\" said Christopher Johnstone, a partner at The Asia Group strategic advisory firm and who served as director for East Asia in the National Security Council under President <a href=\"https:\/\/www.newsweek.com\/topic\/joe-biden\" data-sys=\"1\" class=\"multivariate\">Joe Biden<\/a>.<\/p><p>\"If it were to break down, it would have real consequences for all five parties,\" he told <em>Newsweek<\/em>, but stressed he didn't believe it to be \"an immediate risk.\"<\/p><p>\"But I do think there's a risk of an erosion of the cooperation that, over time, could be quite harmful,\" he added.<\/p><p>In a hint of Five Eyes fractures, the <em>Financial Times<\/em> reported late last month that one of Trump's top officials, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.newsweek.com\/topic\/peter-navarro\" data-sys=\"1\" class=\"multivariate\">Peter Navarro<\/a>, had lobbied for the U.S. to remove Canada from the Five Eyes.<\/p><p>Navarro swiftly denied the report, telling the media the U.S. would \"would never, ever jeopardize our national security, ever, with allies like Canada.\"<\/p><p>But it heightened worries over how the new administration would handle the U.S.'s role in the Five Eyes and how belligerent its attitude would become toward its allies in the intelligence realm. The U.S. could, theoretically, force Canada from the alliance, \"effectively sabotaging the alliance from within,\" Walton said. The U.S. military official described this scenario as unlikely but added, \"stranger things have happened.\"<\/p><p>For now, Walton said, we are \"truly unchartered territory.\"<\/p><p>\"There is some cause to be worried\" about the future of the Five Eyes, a former U.S. intelligence official told <em>Newsweek<\/em>. Much of the intelligence sharing—particularly with signals intelligence and imagery—is done automatically, but there is a risk that Five Eyes countries \"may become more restrained in sharing the most sensitive intelligence,\" including human intelligence, if they lose confidence in how the U.S. would handle it, the official said.<\/p><p>Trump has repeatedly railed against America's spy and intelligence agencies. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.newsweek.com\/topic\/tulsi-gabbard\" data-sys=\"1\" class=\"multivariate\">Tulsi Gabbard<\/a>, the freshly installed director of national intelligence, publicly parroted Kremlin talking points before committing to \"refocus\" the intelligence community after being sworn into the role. It is not clear how she intends to do this.<\/p><p>During Trump's first term in office, he reportedly shared \"highly classified information\" with Russia's foreign minister and ambassador during a White House meeting. Trump \"revealed more information to the Russian ambassador than we have shared with our own allies,\" an anonymous U.S. official described as familiar with the matter told the <em>Washington Post <\/em>in 2017.<\/p><p>H.R. McMaster, Trump's then-national security adviser who was ousted by Trump in 2018, described the report as \"false\" at the time. McMaster said in recent days that Trump was being \"played\" by Russian President <a href=\"https:\/\/www.newsweek.com\/topic\/vladimir-putin\" data-sys=\"1\" class=\"multivariate\">Vladimir Putin<\/a>.<\/p><p>As it stands, Putin \"could not dream of doing better than having the Five Eyes alliance undermined and sabotaged from within,\" Walton said. \"Whether Trump knows it or not, he's doing Putin's bidding for him.\"<\/p><p>Earlier this week, the White House <a href=\"https:\/\/www.newsweek.com\/russia-ukraine-2039872\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"multivariate\">forced its allies like the U.K. to stop sharing U.S.-derived intelligence<\/a> with Ukraine, a move with huge implications for Kyiv's military effort against Moscow and for detecting Russian missiles and drones heading for Ukrainian cities. This is reported to include GCHQ.<\/p><p>Signals intelligence provided by GCHQ and the NSA \"are the big engine rooms of intelligence gathering, collection and dissemination,\" Walton said.<\/p><p>\"Without intelligence, information, we might go blind,\" the head of Ukraine's foreign affairs committee, Oleksandr Merezhko, told <em>Newsweek<\/em> on Wednesday. The ban came days after Trump suspended all U.S. military aid to Ukraine, including supplies waiting just miles from the Ukrainian border in Eastern Europe. The pause followed Trump, along with Vice President <a href=\"https:\/\/www.newsweek.com\/topic\/jd-vance\" data-sys=\"1\" class=\"multivariate\">JD Vance<\/a>, publicly scolding Ukrainian leader <a href=\"https:\/\/www.newsweek.com\/topic\/volodymyr-zelensky\" data-sys=\"1\" class=\"multivariate\">Volodymyr Zelensky<\/a> in the Oval Office in front of the world's media, accusing him of ingratitude.<\/p><p>Some of the U.S.'s Five Eyes partners were among those throwing their weight behind Zelensky in the wake of the disastrous meeting, but they are also publicly doubling down on the stability of the intelligence-sharing network.<\/p><figure class=\"imageBox\" style=\"\"><div class=\"innerBox ar23-innerBox\" style=\"height:0;padding-bottom:66.6667%\">\n<picture class=\"mapping-embed\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\"><source type=\"image\/webp\" media=\"(min-width: 992px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601923\/donald-trump-justin-trudeau.webp?w=790&f=84ea85feebb759e06e4b53f87138705d 1x\"><source type=\"image\/jpeg\" media=\"(min-width: 992px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601923\/donald-trump-justin-trudeau.jpg?w=790&f=84ea85feebb759e06e4b53f87138705d 1x\"><source type=\"image\/webp\" media=\"(min-width: 768px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601923\/donald-trump-justin-trudeau.webp?w=900&f=95547f9fb552764c35637660c23eb495 1x\"><source type=\"image\/jpeg\" media=\"(min-width: 768px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601923\/donald-trump-justin-trudeau.jpg?w=900&f=95547f9fb552764c35637660c23eb495 1x\"><source type=\"image\/webp\" media=\"(min-width: 481px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601923\/donald-trump-justin-trudeau.webp?w=790&f=84ea85feebb759e06e4b53f87138705d 1x\"><source type=\"image\/jpeg\" media=\"(min-width: 481px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601923\/donald-trump-justin-trudeau.jpg?w=790&f=84ea85feebb759e06e4b53f87138705d 1x\"><source type=\"image\/webp\" media=\"(min-width: 0px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601923\/donald-trump-justin-trudeau.webp?w=450&f=3ea962ddbc9c76b245b1efe96107af5d 1x\"><source type=\"image\/jpeg\" media=\"(min-width: 0px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601923\/donald-trump-justin-trudeau.jpg?w=450&f=3ea962ddbc9c76b245b1efe96107af5d 1x\"><source type=\"image\/webp\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601923\/donald-trump-justin-trudeau.webp?w=1200&f=9bf8baa7ed7c8473030d7d2250c17d97\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"mapping-embed imgPhoto\" id=\"i2601923\" src=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601923\/donald-trump-justin-trudeau.jpg?w=1200&f=9bf8baa7ed7c8473030d7d2250c17d97\" alt=\"Donald Trump Justin Trudeau\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" \/><\/picture><\/div><figcaption class=\"caption ar23-caption\">\n<span class=\"cap\" id=\"short-cap-description\">U.S. President Donald Trump talks with Canada's Prime Minister Justin Trudeau during the plenary session of the NATO summit in London, U.K., on December 4, 2019.<\/span>\n<span class=\"cap\" id=\"full-cap-description\" style=\"display: none;\">U.S. President Donald Trump talks with Canada's Prime Minister Justin Trudeau during the plenary session of the NATO summit in London, U.K., on December 4, 2019.<\/span>\n<span class=\"credit ar23-credit\">Photo by NICHOLAS KAMM\/AFP via Getty Images<\/span>\n<\/figcaption> <script>function toggleCap(sourceEvent){const siblings=sourceEvent.parentNode.children;const shortDesc=siblings[\"short-cap-description\"];const fullDesc=siblings[\"full-cap-description\"];const readMoreBtn=sourceEvent;if(fullDesc.style.display==='none'){shortDesc.style.display='none';fullDesc.style.display='inline';readMoreBtn.textContent='Less'}else{shortDesc.style.display='inline';fullDesc.style.display='none';readMoreBtn.textContent='More'}}<\/script> <\/figure><p>Senior intelligence officials are likely split in the behind-the-scenes meetings, remarked Bob Ayers, a retired intelligence officer with the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.newsweek.com\/topic\/pentagon\" data-sys=\"1\" class=\"multivariate\">Pentagon<\/a> and other agencies like the NSA, currently working as an international security expert.<\/p><p>Some will lobby to limit America's access to intelligence on topics like Russia, while others will try to push a limited approach to information sharing, he told <em>Newsweek<\/em>. A select group will be pushing for business as usual—a view unlikely to have a long shelf-life, Ayers added.<\/p><p>A British defense official told <em>Newsweek<\/em> on Wednesday that the Five Eyes cooperation was holding \"very, very strong,\" despite the turbulent rhetoric and public discomfort between the U.S. and its closest allies in recent days.<\/p><p>The U.K. is still keen to project an impression of unity, with British Defense Secretary John Healey arriving in Washington on Wednesday, as the nation plows on with attempts to portray America as a stalwart ally.<\/p><p>A spokesperson for the Canadian Security Intelligence Service said Ottawa \"deeply values its partnership with the United States, and we believe that it is in the strategic interest of both countries to continue our strong national security cooperation.\"<\/p><p>\"While we are always alive to the geopolitical environment, strong bilateral collaboration will continue as it is mutually beneficial and keeps both our countries safe,\" the spokesperson added in a statement to <em>Newsweek<\/em>. \"Our alliance, which includes partnerships in intelligence and national security, remains strong. This is especially true in the face of growing global threats.\"<\/p><p>Echoing this statement, a spokesperson from Canada's CSE told <em>Newsweek <\/em>that U.S.-Canadian \"collaboration extends well beyond transactional support into a very comprehensive intelligence-sharing framework.\"<\/p><h2>What Could a Four Eyes Do?<\/h2><p>It's not clear just how much of the intelligence swirling between Five Eyes countries comes from the U.S., but it is a \"significant and major\" contributor, likely eclipsing what smaller countries like New Zealand can generate, Walton said.<\/p><p>\"The sheer size of the U.S. intelligence community means that it is the big dog within that relationship,\" he added.<\/p><p>The strongest signals intelligence capabilities lie with the U.S. and the U.K., while America is the only one able to leverage its satellites to scoop up intelligence and imagery, said Ayers. The rest of the Five Eyes are dependent on the U.S. for this, he said.<\/p><p>But the intelligence burden is too vast for any one nation—even the U.S.—to handle alone, Walton said. Former officials say Washington would be clawing up its own national security if it tampered with the Five Eyes.<\/p><p>\"The United States government needs the Five Eyes alliance in order to collect intelligence on China,\" Walton said. Defense Secretary <a href=\"https:\/\/www.newsweek.com\/topic\/pete-hegseth\" data-sys=\"1\" class=\"multivariate\">Pete Hegseth<\/a> told European allies last month that the U.S. \"is prioritizing deterring war with China in the Pacific, recognizing the reality of scarcity, and making the resourcing trade-offs to ensure deterrence does not fail.\"<\/p><p>Without Five Eyes, the U.S. risks being cut out of intelligence on what the Chinese and Russian leadership are doing, what they're planning and where they're cultivating influence, the former U.S. intelligence official said. American allies \"bring a lot to the table,\" they added.<\/p><p>The Canadian Security Intelligence Service told <em>Newsweek<\/em> that it was a \"significant contributor to the Five Eyes\" and a \"trusted intelligence partner that brings unique capacities to the table.\"<\/p><p>Australia inked the AUKUS security agreement with the U.S. and U.K. back in 2021 to work \"hand-in-glove to preserve security and stability in the Indo-Pacific,\" as London's Downing Street phrased it at the time. Canberra is well-positioned to provide intelligence on the region.<\/p><p>But should the White House recoil from the Five Eyes, the remaining members could forge ahead with beefing up bilateral agreements on intelligence sharing between individual countries.<\/p><p>Underwriting the Five Eyes, the U.S. and the other member countries already have bilateral intelligence agreements that would likely stay in place, even if there was a seismic shift to the formal alliance, experts say.<\/p><p>This is a \"safety valve\" of sorts, the former U.S. intelligence official said.<\/p><p>But there is also the sense, according to former U.S. officials, that much of the meaningful intelligence sharing is done by employees more toward the middle of the food chain in these agencies. Should mandates from above pull away from the spirit of sharing, it could be these officials who keep the flow of information running.<\/p><p>U.S. allies outside the Five Eyes would likely respond to any breakdown of the alliance by strengthening their intelligence relationships with individual Five Eyes countries, said Johnstone.<\/p><p>It could present an opportunity for nations like Japan or South Korea, who could build on their ties with Australia, he said, but a fraying of the Five Eyes would likely also be seen as \"a symbol of a fracturing international system that poses risks for them.\"<\/p> <script>doFir.push(function(){document.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\",function(event){let uncommonKnowledgeItems=document.querySelectorAll('.uncommon-list');if(uncommonKnowledgeItems.length>0){let uncommonKnowledgeContainerHtml='<div class=\"uncommon-knowledge\">\\\n <div class=\"logo-text\">\\\n <span><i class=\"uncommon-logo\"><\/i><\/span>\\\n <div class=\"text-content\">\\\n 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aria-label=\"White House Denies Decision Over Ending Legal Status of 240,000 Ukrainians\">\n<picture>\n<source type=\"image\/webp\" media=\"(max-width: 400px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601546\/trump-zelensky.webp?w=400&h=266&f=ccbb0a28ddb4de1f60fd81218ed54f57 1x\"><source type=\"image\/jpeg\" media=\"(max-width: 400px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601546\/trump-zelensky.jpg?w=400&h=266&f=ccbb0a28ddb4de1f60fd81218ed54f57 1x\"><source type=\"image\/webp\" media=\"(max-width: 768px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601546\/trump-zelensky.webp?w=768&h=512&f=c550b10bfbff0c751515dd17a2c9ba6d 1x\"><source type=\"image\/jpeg\" media=\"(max-width: 768px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601546\/trump-zelensky.jpg?w=768&h=512&f=c550b10bfbff0c751515dd17a2c9ba6d 1x\"><source type=\"image\/webp\" media=\"(min-width: 768px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601546\/trump-zelensky.webp?w=600&h=400&f=e6baf842dd03bf0e9399619b99f3d6da 1x\"><source type=\"image\/jpeg\" media=\"(min-width: 768px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601546\/trump-zelensky.jpg?w=600&h=400&f=e6baf842dd03bf0e9399619b99f3d6da 1x\"><source type=\"image\/webp\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601546\/trump-zelensky.webp\"> <img alt=\"\" class=\"article-img \" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601546\/trump-zelensky.jpg\" \/>\n<\/picture>\n<\/a><\/div><h3 class=\"news-title\">\n<a href=\"\/trump-plans-revoke-legal-status-240k-ukrainians-report-2040504\">White House Denies Decision Over Ending Legal Status of 240,000 Ukrainians<\/a><\/h3><\/article>\n<article class=\"article-card\"><div class=\"article-card--image\">\n<a href=\"\/trump-education-department-administration-live-updates-2040537\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Trump Temporarily Lifts Tariffs on Most Goods From Mexico: Live Updates\">\n<picture>\n<source type=\"image\/webp\" media=\"(max-width: 400px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601556\/donald-trump.webp?w=400&h=266&f=8260f0bf90d8e5ad7ab07a9c6c5fe28b 1x\"><source type=\"image\/jpeg\" media=\"(max-width: 400px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601556\/donald-trump.jpg?w=400&h=266&f=8260f0bf90d8e5ad7ab07a9c6c5fe28b 1x\"><source type=\"image\/webp\" media=\"(max-width: 768px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601556\/donald-trump.webp?w=768&h=512&f=806b2d8c8e5b9b73b2345acd5e99fd81 1x\"><source type=\"image\/jpeg\" media=\"(max-width: 768px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601556\/donald-trump.jpg?w=768&h=512&f=806b2d8c8e5b9b73b2345acd5e99fd81 1x\"><source type=\"image\/webp\" media=\"(min-width: 768px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601556\/donald-trump.webp?w=600&h=400&f=3f90b03ef6007bd8eedd94b467a7cd8e 1x\"><source type=\"image\/jpeg\" media=\"(min-width: 768px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601556\/donald-trump.jpg?w=600&h=400&f=3f90b03ef6007bd8eedd94b467a7cd8e 1x\"><source type=\"image\/webp\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601556\/donald-trump.webp\"> <img alt=\"\" class=\"article-img \" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601556\/donald-trump.jpg\" \/>\n<\/picture>\n<\/a><\/div><h3 class=\"news-title\">\n<a href=\"\/trump-education-department-administration-live-updates-2040537\">Trump Temporarily Lifts Tariffs on Most Goods From Mexico: Live Updates<\/a><\/h3><\/article>\n<article class=\"article-card\"><div class=\"article-card--image\">\n<a href=\"\/japan-news-trump-pentagon-elbridge-colby-defense-spending-2040539\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"US Ally Responds to Trump Pick's Defense Demands\">\n<picture>\n<source type=\"image\/webp\" media=\"(max-width: 400px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601666\/japanese-prime-minister-shigeru-ishiba.webp?w=400&h=266&f=f6cb98b6864bbd0df2f2e30eb5a75e7d 1x\"><source type=\"image\/jpeg\" media=\"(max-width: 400px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601666\/japanese-prime-minister-shigeru-ishiba.jpg?w=400&h=266&f=f6cb98b6864bbd0df2f2e30eb5a75e7d 1x\"><source type=\"image\/webp\" media=\"(max-width: 768px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601666\/japanese-prime-minister-shigeru-ishiba.webp?w=768&h=512&f=6e14701654f66cb5599074368c8fde22 1x\"><source type=\"image\/jpeg\" media=\"(max-width: 768px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601666\/japanese-prime-minister-shigeru-ishiba.jpg?w=768&h=512&f=6e14701654f66cb5599074368c8fde22 1x\"><source type=\"image\/webp\" media=\"(min-width: 768px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601666\/japanese-prime-minister-shigeru-ishiba.webp?w=600&h=400&f=21858e48486bc4a3117c281185e39ff7 1x\"><source type=\"image\/jpeg\" media=\"(min-width: 768px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601666\/japanese-prime-minister-shigeru-ishiba.jpg?w=600&h=400&f=21858e48486bc4a3117c281185e39ff7 1x\"><source type=\"image\/webp\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601666\/japanese-prime-minister-shigeru-ishiba.webp\"> <img alt=\"\" class=\"article-img \" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601666\/japanese-prime-minister-shigeru-ishiba.jpg\" \/>\n<\/picture>\n<\/a><\/div><h3 class=\"news-title\">\n<a href=\"\/japan-news-trump-pentagon-elbridge-colby-defense-spending-2040539\">US Ally Responds to Trump Pick's Defense Demands<\/a><\/h3><\/article>\n<article class=\"article-card\"><div class=\"article-card--image\">\n<a href=\"\/houthis-yemen-red-sea-donald-trump-united-states-shipping-middle-east-2040469\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Houthis React to U.S. Sanctions\">\n<picture>\n<source type=\"image\/webp\" media=\"(max-width: 400px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601491\/houthi-rebels.webp?w=400&h=266&f=01beea9e80727c629f9685e8895f88cc 1x\"><source type=\"image\/jpeg\" media=\"(max-width: 400px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601491\/houthi-rebels.jpg?w=400&h=266&f=01beea9e80727c629f9685e8895f88cc 1x\"><source type=\"image\/webp\" media=\"(max-width: 768px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601491\/houthi-rebels.webp?w=768&h=512&f=cb06e7e156367260924fdcd431b3174f 1x\"><source type=\"image\/jpeg\" media=\"(max-width: 768px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601491\/houthi-rebels.jpg?w=768&h=512&f=cb06e7e156367260924fdcd431b3174f 1x\"><source type=\"image\/webp\" media=\"(min-width: 768px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601491\/houthi-rebels.webp?w=600&h=400&f=859f29a467371f3b70ec9ead69ad05e1 1x\"><source type=\"image\/jpeg\" media=\"(min-width: 768px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601491\/houthi-rebels.jpg?w=600&h=400&f=859f29a467371f3b70ec9ead69ad05e1 1x\"><source type=\"image\/webp\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601491\/houthi-rebels.webp\"> <img alt=\"\" class=\"article-img \" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/d.newsweek.com\/en\/full\/2601491\/houthi-rebels.jpg\" \/>\n<\/picture>\n<\/a><\/div><h3 class=\"news-title\">\n<a href=\"\/houthis-yemen-red-sea-donald-trump-united-states-shipping-middle-east-2040469\">Houthis React to U.S. Sanctions<\/a><\/h3><\/article><\/div><\/div> <\/section><section class=\"about-writer\" data-gtm-action=\"About_The_Writer\"><h3 class=\"side-lines\">About the writer<\/h3>\n<span class=\"author\">\n<span class=\"tooltiptext\" id=\"tooltip_reporter_0\"><p>Ellie Cook is a Newsweek security and defense reporter based in London, U.K. Her work focuses largely on the Russia-Ukraine war, the U.S. military, weapons systems and emerging technology. She joined Newsweek in January 2023, having previously worked as a reporter at the Daily Express, and is a graduate of International Journalism at City, University of London. Languages: English, Spanish.You can reach Ellie via email at <a href=\"mailto:e.cook@newsweek.com\" data-mce-href=\"mailto:e.cook@newsweek.com\">e.cook@newsweek.com<\/a>. <\/p><p><br><\/p><div class=\"writers-page\">\n<a href=\"\/authors\/ellie-cook\">Writers Page\n<span class=\"writers-page-chevron\">\n<svg width=\"12\" height=\"10\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 10\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n<path d=\"M3.488 5.6.176.08h1.008l3.504 4.104v.912L1.184 9.2H.176l3.288-5.448zm6.867 0L7.043.08h1.008l3.504 4.104v.912L8.051 9.2H7.043l3.288-5.448z\" fill=\"#F72210\"><\/path>\n<\/svg>\n<\/span>\n<\/a><\/div>\n<\/span>\n<a href=\" javascript:void(0); \" class=\"author-name\" rel=\"author\" data-id=\"reporter_0\"> Ellie Cook <\/a>\n<\/span> <br>\n<button class=\"follow-btn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.newsweek.com\/authors\/ellie-cook\">FOLLOW <\/a><\/button><div class=\"social-links\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/div><div class=\"description-writer\">\n<span id=\"more-description\" style=\"display: none;\"><p>Ellie Cook is a Newsweek security and defense reporter based in London, U.K. Her work focuses largely on the Russia-Ukraine war, the U.S. military, weapons systems and emerging technology. She joined Newsweek in January 2023, having previously worked as a reporter at the Daily Express, and is a graduate of International Journalism at City, University of London. 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